A GUIDE TO WRITING BIBLIOGRAPHIES
When we do research, write an assignment or an essay for school work we need to show where we found information, otherwise we are guilty of plagiarism, i.e. stealing someone else’s ideas without acknowledgment or saying that we have done so.
Books General
Include the following information in this order:
1. Author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Title of book. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
4. Publisher, (comma)
5. Place of publication. (full stop)
e.g. Grey, F.T.(1990). The blue whale. Harcourt Books, South Morang.
Reference Books:
1. Title of book. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Publisher, (comma)
4. Place of publication. (full stop)
e.g. World Book Encyclopedia. (2006). World Book Inc, Chicago, Ill.
Edited Books
Include the following information in this order:
1. Editor’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. (ed.) (in brackets)
3. Year. (in brackets) (full stop)
4. Title of book. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
5. Publisher, (comma)
6. Place of publication. (full stop)
e.g. Matthews, R .(ed.) Collections of plays. Penguin Books, Ringwood.
Article in an edited book:
Before 1 to 5 add
a. Article’s author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
b. Year. (brackets) (full stop)
c. Title of article. (full stop)
d. Followed by in: (underlined) (colon)
e. Back to no. 1 and omit no.3.
e.g. Jackson, R. (2001). How boys learn. in: Roberts, R .(ed.) Educational essays. Penguin Books, Ringwood.
Journals
Include the following information in this order:
1. Author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Title of article. (full stop)
4. Title of the journal. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
5. Volume, number, month/season, (comma)
6. Page numbers of article. (full stop)
e.g. : Carter, M. (2000). Dog Grooming. Petcare. No. 12, August, pp 13-15.
Newspapers
Include the following information in this order:
1. Author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Title of article. (full stop)
4. Title of the newspaper. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
5. Date of publication, (comma)
6. Page numbers of article. (full stop)
e.g.: Lombard, A. (1999). Water crisis. The Age. 9 October, p 10.
World Wide Web
Include the following information in this order:
1. Author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Title (underlined or italics)
4. [Internet]. [ in square brackets] (full stop)
5. Publisher, (comma)
6. Place of publication. (full stop)
7. Available from:<URL> [Accessed date]. [In square brackets] (full stop)
e.g. Holland, M (1998) Cryptics [Internet]. Decode, Oxford University. Available from <http:// www.oxforduni.edu.uk.html>[Accessed 6 October, 2001].
CD ROMS
Include the following information in this order:
1. Author’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. Year. (in brackets)(full stop)
3. Title. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
4. [CD ROM]. [In square brackets] (full stop)
5. Publisher, (comma)
6. Place of publication. (full stop)
e.g.: Hawking, S.W. (1994). A brief history of time: an interactive adventure. [CD ROM]. Crunch Media, N.Y.
Videos/DVDs
Include the following information in this order:
1. Series title. (full stop)
2. Series number. (full stop)
3. Title. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
4. Year. (in brackets) (full stop)
5. Publisher, (comma)
6. Place of publication. (full stop)
7. Date of transmission, (comma)
8. Medium: Format. [in square brackets with colon] (full stop)
e.g .Australian Story. 5. The Hendersons.(2006). ABC, Canberra. 18 October, [video: VHS].
E-Mail
Include the following information in this order:
1. sender’s surname, initials. (full stop)
2. (Sender’s e-mail address), (brackets)(comma)
3. Day, (comma) month, (comma) year. (full stop)
4. Subject of message. (underlined or italics) (full stop)
5. E-mail to (recipient’s e-mail address). (brackets) (full stop)
e.g.: Lowther, F. (Fiona@pbsinc.com.au), 6, August, 2001. Citing in bibliographies. (maw@hotmail.com).
Citing in the Text
1. Citing in the text (without direct quote)
At each point in the text which refers to a particular resource, insert the author’s surname and publication year. (Initials not necessary unless two authors have the same surname).
e.g.: The work of Norman (1998) and Bruce (1997) were concerned with the importance of avoiding plagiarism.
2. Citing direct quotations
Put quotes in inverted commas.(“ “)
After the quote include author’s surname, publication year followed by page number. [one page (p) pages (pp) (full stop)]
e.g.: “Resting times provide periods for reflection” (Chong, 1998, p7).
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